Misleading Advertising in Spain: National and Autonomous Community Legislation and Jurisprudence
National Legislation
- Law 34/1988, General Advertising Law: Prohibits misleading advertising and establishes sanctions.
- Law 3/1991, on Unfair Competition: Considers unfair any conduct that misleads.
- Royal Legislative Decree 1/2007: Amends the General Law for the Defence of Consumers and Users.
- Law 29/2009: Improves consumer protection in relation to advertising and competition.
Autonomous Community Legislation
The autonomous communities have developed their own consumer protection regulations, including:
- Catalonia: Law 22/2010, of the Consumer Code.
- Andalusia: Law 13/2003.
- Madrid: Law 11/1998.
- Community of Valencia: Law 1/2011.
- Castile and Leon: Law 2/2015.
- Galicia: Law 2/2012.
- Canary Islands: Law 3/2003.
- Aragón: Law 16/2006.
- Castile-La Mancha: Law 3/2019.
- Extremadura: Law 6/2001.
- Balearic Islands: Law 7/2014.
- La Rioja: Law 5/2013.
- Navarra: Law 7/2006.
- Basque Country: Law 2/2012.
- Asturias: Law 11/2002.
- Murcia: Law 1/2008.
Relevant Jurisprudence
- STS 3402/2011: Case of housing development with false characteristics.
- STS 1139/2006: Mortgages offered with misleading conditions.
- AN 2025: Fine to RTVE for hidden advertising in MasterChef Celebrity.
- Juzgado Mercantil Santander 2025: Repsol Greenwashing, dismissed for lack of proven deception.
